A reagent is a compound or mixture that is added to a system in order to initiate or test a chemical reaction. Because the binding of reagents triggers certain reactions to the substance or other related substances, reagents can be used to determine the presence or absence of a specific chemical substance.
Below given is a list of organic and inorganic reagents:
| Name | General Description |
|---|---|
| Acetic acid | It is an organic acid; one of the most basic carboxylic acids. |
| Acetone | It is an organic compound, the most basic example of a ketone. |
| Acetylene | It is a hydrocarbon and the most basic alkyne, widely used as a fuel and chemical building material. |
| Ammonia | inorganic, a precursor to the majority of nitrogen-containing compounds; used in fertiliser production. |
| Ammonium hydroxide | Aqueous ammonia is used in traditional qualitative inorganic analysis. |
| Azobisisobutyronitrile | Organic compound that is frequently used as a foamer in plastics and rubber as well as a radical initiator. |
| Baeyer’s reagent | It is an alkaline potassium permanganate solution; used in organic chemistry as a qualitative test for the presence of unsaturation, such as double bonds. |
| N-Bromosuccinimide | It is used in organic chemistry, radical substitution and electrophilic addition reactions. It also acts as a mild oxidiser, allowing benzylic or allylic alcohols to be oxidised. |
| Butanone (methyl ethyl ketone) | It is an organic compound with similar solvent properties to acetone but a much slower evaporation rate. |
| Butylated hydroxytoluene | It is an organic compound that is fat-soluble and is primarily used as an antioxidant food additive. |
| n-Butyllithium | It is an organolithium reagent that is used as a polymerisation initiator in the manufacture of elastomers such as polybutadiene or styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS). |
| Carbon disulfide | It is a non-polar solvent that is frequently used as a building block in organic chemistry. |
| Carbon tetrachloride | It is toxic and has low dissolving power. As a result, deuterated solvents have largely replaced it. |
| Carbonyldiimidazole | It is frequently used in the coupling of amino acids for peptide synthesis as well as as a reagent in organic synthesis. |
| Ceric ammonium nitrate | It is an inorganic compound used as an oxidising agent in organic synthesis and a standard oxidant in quantitative analysis. |
| Chloridotris(triphenylphosphine) rhodium (I) | Coordination complex; used in homogeneous alkene-to-alkane catalysis. |
| Chloroform | (deuterated chloroform) is a common organic compound used as a solvent for NMR spectroscopy and as a general solvent. |
| Chromic acid | It is a strong and corrosive oxidising agent, a chromium plating intermediate. |
| Chromium trioxide | chromic acid’s acidic anhydride; primarily used in chrome plating. |
| Collins reagent | It is used to convert primary alcohols to aldehydes selectively. |
| Copper(I) iodide | It is useful in various applications, from organic synthesis to cloud seeding. |
| Dess–Martin periodinane | It is a chemical reagent used to convert primary alcohols to aldehydes and secondary alcohols to ketones. |
| Diborane | It is the primary organic synthesis reagent used in hydroboration. |
| Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide | It is an organic compound whose primary application is to couple amino acids during artificial peptide synthesis. |
| Diethyl azodicarboxylate | It is a valuable reagent that also happens to be quite dangerous because it explodes when heated. |
| Diethyl ether | organic compound; a common laboratory solvent. |
| Dihydropyran | It is a heterocyclic compound used in organic synthesis as a protecting group for alcohols. |
| Diisobutylaluminium hydride | It is a reducing agent that converts esters and nitriles to aldehydes, an organoaluminium compound. |
| Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate | Azodicarboxylic acid diisopropyl ester is a reagent used to synthesise many organic compounds. |
| Dimethyl ether | the most basic ether; a useful precursor to other organic compounds as well as an aerosol propellant. |
| Dimethylformamide | a type of organic compound that is commonly used as a solvent in chemical reactions. |
| Dimethylsulfide | Organosulfur compound used in petroleum refining and petrochemical production processes; acts as a reducing agent in ozonolysis reactions. |
| Dimethyl sulfoxide | an organosulfur compound, a significant polar aprotic solvent capable of dissolving polar and nonpolar compounds. |
| Dioxane | an organic compound that is heterocyclic; classified as an ether. |
| Ethanol | a strong psychoactive drug that is used in alcoholic beverages, thermometers, as a solvent, and as a fuel. |
| Fehling’s reagent | It is used to distinguish water-soluble aldehyde and ketone functional groups. |
| Fenton’s reagent | a hydrogen peroxide and iron catalyst solution used to oxidise contaminants or wastewaters. |
| Formaldehyde | the most basic aldehyde; a key precursor to many other chemical compounds such as polymers and polyfunctional alcohols. |
| Formic acid | the most basic carboxylic acid; frequently used as a source of the hydride ion. |
| Grignard reagents | The most common use is the alkylation of aldehydes and ketones. |
| Hexamethylphosphoramide | a phosphoramide that is used as a polar aprotic solvent and additive in organic synthesis. |
| Hydrazine | It is an effective reducing agent and is used in the Wolff-Kishner reaction to convert carbonyls to their corresponding alkanes. It is used as a foaming agent in the preparation of polymer foams, as well as a precursor to polymerization catalysts and pharmaceuticals, and as an oxygen scavenger in power plants. |
| Hydrazoic acid | It is primarily used for stock solution preservation and as a reagent. |
| Hydrochloric acid | It is a highly corrosive, powerful mineral acid with numerous industrial applications. |
| Hydrofluoric acid | It is a valuable source of fluorine and a precursor to many pharmaceuticals; highly corrosive. |
| Hydrogen peroxide | a bleaching agent that is commonly used as an oxidizer. |
| Imidazole | an aromatic heterocyclic that is a diazole and is classified as an alkaloid. |
| Isopropyl alcohol | The most basic type of secondary alcohol; it dissolves a wide range of non-polar compounds. |
| Lime | It is used in power plant flue gas desulphurisation. |
| Limestone | It is used in power plant flue gas desulphurisation. |
| Lithium aluminium hydride | a reducing agent used in organic synthesis to create the main group and transition metal hydrides from metal halides. |
| Lithium diisopropylamide | In organic chemistry, a strong base is used to deprotonate weakly acidic compounds. |
| Manganese dioxide | It is used as a pigment and a precursor to other manganese compounds; used as a reagent in organic synthesis for allylic alcohol oxidation. |
| Meta-Chloroperoxybenzoic acid | It is used in organic synthesis as an oxidant. |
| Methyl tert-butyl ether | a gasoline additive; also used as a relatively inexpensive solvent in organic chemistry. |
| Millon’s reagent | It is a reagent used in analysis to detect the presence of soluble proteins. |
| Nitric acid | A highly corrosive and toxic strong acid that is used in the production of fertilisers, explosives, and as a component of aqua regia. |
| Osmium tetroxide | In organic synthesis, it is commonly used to convert alkenes to vicinal diols. |
| Oxalyl chloride | It is used in organic synthesis to produce acid chlorides from corresponding carboxylic acids. |
| Palladium(II) acetate | a catalyst for many organic reactions by forming reactive adducts with many common classes of organic compounds. |
| Perchloric acid | a strong oxidising agent; easily forms explosive mixtures; primarily used in the manufacture of rocket fuel. |
| Phosphoric acid | a mineral acid with numerous industrial applications; frequently used in the laboratory preparation of hydrogen halides. |
| Phosphorus pentachloride | A chlorinating reagent and one of the most important phosphorus chlorides. It is also used to dehydrate oximes, converting them to nitriles. |
| Phosphorus tribromide | It is used in the transformation of alcohols into alkyl bromides. |
| Phosphorus trichloride | The most important of the three phosphorus chlorides; used in the production of organophosphorus compounds; converted primary and secondary alcohols into alkyl chlorides or carboxylic acids into acyl chlorides. |
| Phosphoryl chloride | It is used in the production of phosphate esters such as tricresyl phosphate. |
| Potassium dichromate | a common inorganic chemical reagent used as an oxidising agent in a variety of laboratory and industrial applications. |
| Potassium hydroxide | a strong base; a precursor to the majority of soft and liquid soaps, as well as a variety of potassium-containing chemicals. |
| Potassium permanganate | a strong oxidising agent that can be used to quantify the total oxidisable organic material in an aqueous sample, a chemical reagent used in the synthesis of organic compounds. |
| Pyridinium chlorochromate | primary alcohols are oxidised to aldehydes, and secondary alcohols are oxidised to ketones. |
| Pyridinium dichromate (Cornforth reagent) | primary and secondary alcohols are converted to ketones. |
| Raney nickel | an alternative catalyst for the hydrogenation of vegetable oils; used for desulphurisation in organic synthesis. |
| Sakaguchi’s Reagent | Checks for the presence of arginine. |
| Samarium(II) iodide (Kagan Reagent) | It is a strong reducing agent. |
| Silver oxide | It is used in the preparation of other silver compounds; used as a mild oxidising agent in organic chemistry. |
| Silver nitrate | It is a precursor to many other silver compounds and is commonly used in inorganic chemistry to abstract halides. |
| Sodium amide | It is used in the industrial production of indigo, hydrazine, and sodium cyanide; used in the drying of ammonia; and used as a strong base in organic chemistry. |
| Sodium azide | Component of airbag systems that produce gas; used in organic synthesis to introduce the azide functional group via halide displacement. |
| Sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide | It is a powerful base that deprotonates ketones and esters to produce enolate derivatives. |
| Sodium borohydride | It is a multipurpose reducing agent that converts ketones and aldehydes to alcohols. |
| Sodium chlorite | In organic synthesis, it is used to convert aldehydes to carboxylic acids. |
| Sodium hydride | It is a powerful base that is used in organic synthesis. |
| Sodium hydroxide | Strong base with numerous industrial applications; in the laboratory, it is combined with acids to produce the corresponding salt; it is also used as an electrolyte. |
| Sodium hypochlorite | It is commonly used as a disinfectant or bleaching agent. |
| Sodium nitrite | It is used in the amine-to-diazo compound conversion. |
| Sulfuric acid | strong mineral acid; major industrial application is phosphoric acid production. |
| tert-Butyl hydroperoxide | It is used in a variety of oxidation processes; in industry, it is used as a catalyst for radical polymerization. |
| Tetrahydrofuran | one of the most polar ethers; a useful solvent; its main application is as a polymer precursor. |
| Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) | a palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction catalyst. |
| Tetramethylammonium hydroxide | a quaternary ammonium salt; used as an anisotropic silicon etching; used as a basic solvent in the photolithography process to develop acidic photoresist. |
| Tetramethylsilane | the most basic tetraorganosilane; a component of organometallic chemistry. |
| Thionyl chloride | an inorganic compound that converts carboxylic acids to acyl chlorides in chlorination reactions. |
| Thiophenol | a sulfur-containing organosulfur compound; the most basic aromatic thiol. |
| Titanium tetrachloride | a chemical intermediate used in the manufacture of titanium metal and titanium dioxide. |
| Tollens’ reagent | a chemical test that determines whether a known carbonyl-containing compound is an aldehyde or a ketone. |
| Triphenylphosphine | a chemical that is used in the synthesis of organic and organometallic compounds. |